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Popular
Diagram
Humanoid Robot Hand - 框图
Battery-powered humanoid robot hand system featuring processing, motor control, sensing, protection, and connectivity functions. The architecture supports actuator and motor operation with feedback from force, proximity, temperature, and ultrasonic sensors for robotic manipulation applications.
"longDescription": "Detailed Description of Each Block", "blocks": [ { "name": "Battery", "function": "Provides the primary DC energy source for the robotic-hand electronics and actuators.", "theory_of_operation": "Stored electrochemical energy is delivered as a DC voltage and current to the power-management input.", "interaction": "Supplies unregulated battery power to Power Management.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [ "Power Management" ] }, { "name": "Power Management", "function": "Protects the battery-fed input and generates the electrical rails required by control, sensing, communication, and actuator circuitry.", "theory_of_operation": "Input power first passes through protection circuitry and is then converted or regulated by DC/DC conversion stages before distribution through the system power bus.", "interaction": "Receives energy from Battery and supplies the shared power distribution path used by Processing, Connectivity, Sensing, Motor Loads, and Simple Loads.", "connection": [ "Processing", "Connectivity", "Sensing", "Motor Loads", "Simple Loads" ], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Smart Protection", "function": "Protects the downstream system and battery path against abnormal electrical conditions.", "theory_of_operation": "Monitors the battery supply path and controls or interrupts current when operating limits such as excessive current, reverse polarity, overvoltage, undervoltage, or excessive temperature are detected.", "interaction": "Receives battery power and passes protected power to the DC/DC stage and downstream power distribution.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "DC/DC", "function": "Converts the protected battery voltage into regulated supply rails.", "theory_of_operation": "A switched-mode power-conversion stage transfers energy through controlled switching and filtering to produce one or more required DC output voltages.", "interaction": "Receives protected power from Smart Protection and supplies the common system power bus.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Processing", "function": "Executes robotic-hand control algorithms, manages system state, processes sensor information, and generates actuator commands.", "theory_of_operation": "A CPU executes program instructions using logic and memory resources. Level translation adapts digital interfaces, while local protection supervises processing-domain electrical conditions.", "interaction": "Receives regulated power, exchanges data with Connectivity, receives sensing and actuator feedback, and sends control commands toward Motor Loads and Simple Loads.", "connection": [ "Connectivity", "Motor Loads", "Simple Loads" ], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "CPU", "function": "Executes firmware and coordinates real-time control of the robotic hand.", "theory_of_operation": "Fetches instructions and data from memory, performs arithmetic and logical operations, evaluates sensor feedback, and updates actuator-control outputs.", "interaction": "Uses Memory and Logic, receives conditioned signals through Level Translators, and coordinates external interfaces and actuator commands.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Level Translators", "function": "Adapts digital signal voltage levels between the processor domain and peripheral or driver domains.", "theory_of_operation": "Input logic states are detected in one voltage domain and reproduced at compatible levels in another domain, with direction control or automatic direction sensing as applicable.", "interaction": "Interfaces Processing with motor drivers, load drivers, sensors, and wired connectivity when different logic-voltage domains are used.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Logic", "function": "Implements digital control, timing, signal conditioning, and interface functions around the CPU.", "theory_of_operation": "Combinational and sequential logic process binary states to qualify, route, synchronize, or generate control signals.", "interaction": "Supports CPU command generation and interfaces with Memory, Level Translators, protection functions, and external control paths.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Protection", "function": "Protects processing-domain circuitry and signal interfaces from abnormal electrical events.", "theory_of_operation": "Voltage, current, transient, or fault conditions are limited, clamped, isolated, or reported before protected components are damaged.", "interaction": "Protects CPU, Logic, Memory, and interface paths connected to the Processing subsystem.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Memory", "function": "Stores firmware, configuration parameters, calibration values, and runtime data.", "theory_of_operation": "Digital information is retained in addressable storage and accessed by the CPU through control, address, and data transactions.", "interaction": "Exchanges program and data content with CPU and supporting Logic.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Connectivity", "function": "Provides an external wired communication interface for commands, diagnostics, configuration, and data exchange.", "theory_of_operation": "Digital information is encoded according to the selected wired protocol and transferred through a physical cable interface; received signals are decoded for the Processing subsystem.", "interaction": "Communicates bidirectionally with Processing and may provide access to an external controller, service tool, or higher-level robot controller.", "connection": [ "Processing" ], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Wired", "function": "Implements the physical and electrical wired communication channel.", "theory_of_operation": "A line interface drives and receives electrical signaling over conductors, with protocol-dependent framing handled by the control electronics.", "interaction": "Exchanges communication data with Processing and an external wired network or controller.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] }, { "name": "Motor Loads", "function": "Controls high-power motors or actuators requiring an actively commutated motor-power stage.", "theory_of_operation": "Processing commands are converted by a motor or gate driver into timed gate-control signals. The motor power stage switches battery-derived power to regulate motor phase current, torque, direction, and speed.", "interaction": "Receives power and control commands, drives Motors/Actuators, and participates in a feedback loop through Processing and Sensing.", "connection": [], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Motor/Gate Driver", "function": "Generates appropriately timed and conditioned gate-drive signals for the motor power switches.", "theory_of_operation": "Low-power control commands are translated into high-current gate pulses with timing control, level shifting, and switching coordination suitable for high-side and low-side power devices.", "interaction": "Receives commands from Processing and controls the Motor Power Stage.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [ "Motor Power Stage" ] }, { "name": "Motor Power Stage", "function": "Converts DC bus power into controlled multiphase electrical power for the motor.", "theory_of_operation": "Six controlled switching devices are arranged as three half bridges. Pulse-width-modulated switching applies controlled phase voltages and currents to a three-phase motor or actuator.", "interaction": "Receives gate-drive commands from Motor/Gate Driver and delivers switched phase power to Motors/Actuators.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [ "Motors/Actuators" ] }, { "name": "Motors/Actuators", "function": "Convert controlled electrical power into mechanical movement of robotic-hand joints or mechanisms.", "theory_of_operation": "Electromagnetic interaction converts phase current into torque, producing rotary or mechanically translated motion.", "interaction": "Receives controlled power from Motor Power Stage and provides mechanical movement that can be monitored by the sensing path.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [ "Sensing" ] } ] }, { "name": "Simple Loads", "function": "Controls loads that require switched power but not a multiphase motor inverter.", "theory_of_operation": "A gate driver controls a power switch, connecting or modulating the DC supply delivered to an actuator, valve, or motor.", "interaction": "Receives power and processing commands, drives Actuators/Valve/Motors, and participates in sensing and monitoring paths.", "connection": [], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Gate Driver", "function": "Provides the drive voltage and current needed to control the load switch.", "theory_of_operation": "A low-power command is translated into a controlled gate signal that rapidly charges or discharges the switch control terminal.", "interaction": "Receives a command from Processing and controls the Switch.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [ "Switch" ] }, { "name": "Switch", "function": "Connects, disconnects, or pulse-width modulates power to the simple load.", "theory_of_operation": "A semiconductor power device changes between low-impedance on-state and high-impedance off-state in response to Gate Driver commands.", "interaction": "Receives gate control from Gate Driver and supplies switched power to Actuators/Valve/Motors.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [ "Actuators/Valve/Motors" ] }, { "name": "Actuators/Valve/Motors", "function": "Perform auxiliary mechanical actions using switched electrical power.", "theory_of_operation": "Applied voltage produces current in an electromagnetic or motor winding, creating force, displacement, fluid-control action, or rotary motion.", "interaction": "Receives switched power from Switch and provides a physical operating state that may be monitored by Sensing.", "category": "Third party", "connection": [ "Sensing" ] } ] }, { "name": "Sensing", "function": "Measures object distance, contact force, torque, temperature, and nearby-object presence for control and safety.", "theory_of_operation": "Physical properties are converted into electrical signals that are conditioned and returned to the Processing subsystem for decision-making and closed-loop control.", "interaction": "Monitors the robotic hand, actuators, loads, and surrounding environment, then supplies feedback toward Processing.", "connection": [ "Processing" ], "sub_blocks": [ { "name": "Ultrasonic Sensor", "function": "Measures distance or detects objects using acoustic time-of-flight sensing.", "theory_of_operation": "An ultrasonic pulse is transmitted and the elapsed time until an echo returns is used to determine target distance.", "interaction": "Observes the space near the robotic hand and sends distance or presence information to Processing.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Temperature Sensors", "function": "Monitor thermal conditions in motors, power electronics, or mechanical structures.", "theory_of_operation": "Temperature-dependent electrical characteristics are measured and converted into an analog or digital temperature indication.", "interaction": "Supplies thermal feedback to Processing for monitoring, derating, or protective control.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Force/Torque Sensor", "function": "Measures mechanical force or torque produced by contact and actuation.", "theory_of_operation": "Mechanical strain or load changes a sensing element's electrical response, which is conditioned into a force or torque measurement.", "interaction": "Measures mechanical loading in the robotic hand and sends feedback to Processing for grip and motion control.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] }, { "name": "Proximity Sensing", "function": "Detects nearby objects without requiring direct mechanical contact.", "theory_of_operation": "A proximity-sensitive field or reflected signal changes in response to a nearby target and is converted into a presence or distance indication.", "interaction": "Observes the hand workspace and supplies object-presence information to Processing.", "category": "onsemi", "connection": [] } ] } ], "interconnections": [ { "source": "Battery","target": "Power Management" }, { "source": "Power Management", "target": "Motor/Gate Driver" }, { "source": "Motor/Gate Driver", "target": "Motor Power Stage" }, { "source": "Motor Power Stage", "target": "Motors/Actuators" }, { "source": "Motors/Actuators", "target": "Sensing" }, { "source": "Power Management", "target": "Gate Driver" }, { "source": "Gate Driver", "target": "Switch" }, { "source": "Switch", "target": "Actuators/Valve/Motors" }, { "source": "Actuators/Valve/Motors", "target": "Sensing" }, { "source": "Power Management", "target": "Processing" }, { "source": "Power Management", "target": "Connectivity" }, { "source": "Power Management", "target": "Sensing" }, { "source": "Processing", "target": "Motor Loads" }, { "source": "Processing", "target": "Simple Loads" }, { "source": "Sensing", "target": "Processing" }, { "source": "Connectivity", "target": "Processing" }, { "source": "Processing", "target": "Connectivity" } ], "Last_update": "2026-08-27",
Humanoid Robot Hand - Blocks
- Smart Protection
- DC/DC
- Motor Gate Driver
- Motor Power Stage
- Level Translators
- Logic
- Protection
- Memory
- Wired
- Gate Driver
- Switch
- Ultrasonic Sensor
- Force/Torque Sensor
- Temperature Sensor
- Proximity Sensing
FAQs
1. What is a humanoid robot?
A humanoid robot is a machine designed to perform tasks using a body structure that resembles human anatomy. Humanoid robots typically combine sensors, actuators, processing systems, power electronics, and communication interfaces to interact with people and environments while executing movements such as walking, grasping, lifting, and balancing.
2. What is the main electronic architecture of a humanoid robot?
A humanoid robot typically uses a distributed electronic architecture. Processing, sensing, power management, motor control, connectivity, and data acquisition functions are implemented across the head, body, hands, and limbs, while a centralized battery system provides energy storage and management for the entire platform.
3. Why is a modular architecture beneficial for humanoid robots?
A modular architecture simplifies development and maintenance. By separating functions such as power management, processing, sensing, motor control, data acquisition, and connectivity into dedicated sections, designers can optimize individual subsystems while improving scalability, serviceability, and integration flexibility.
4. What are the main design challenges in humanoid robot electronics?
Key challenges include efficient power distribution, reliable motor control, sensor integration, data collection, thermal management, communication reliability, and maintaining battery life. A modular architecture helps distribute these functions across individual robot sections to improve scalability and system organization.
5. How does the onsemi Interactive Block Diagram help me select parts and build a worksheet/BOM?
The onsemi interactive block diagram lets you select a taxonomy, choose devices per block, and download a worksheet. If you need a deeper dive into the tool, watch our tutorial video.
